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this much we can say at this moment the

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planet Venus is a very hot planet the

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atmosphere is dense as primary

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there are many mysteries yet remaining

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about the planet Venus these mysteries

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will be solved by further analysis by

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present data and hopefully by more

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NASA the National Aeronautics and Space

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Administration presents Aeronautics and

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Space report next month NASA plans to

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launch an unmanned Mariner spacecraft to

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the planet Venus we know very little

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about Venus because we cannot see

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through its thick clouds the 540 pound

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Mariner will attempt to shed light on

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the origin and nature of the planet and

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its environment giving us additional

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knowledge about our solar system ever

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since the first people were gazing up at

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the skies they had to have noticed Venus

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it's so incredibly bright in ancient

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records at the Mayans the Greeks the

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Chinese people all over the world were

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seeing Venus up there mania and writing

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all sorts of stories about it but we

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could say that first modern observations

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of Venus began with the use of the

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Galileo in the early 1600s turned his

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telescope on to Venus and he looked at

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the phases of Venus and that really

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refuted the geocentric model that was in

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play and commonly accepted Galileo's

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observations were one of the first clear

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examples of how observing another world

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could tell you about your own for the

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next 300 years

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Venus continued to be an obvious target

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for telescopes these early observations

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eventually revealed that Venus had a

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thick dense atmosphere this discovery

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would define our image of the planet

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rather than seeing it as a meandering

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bright star Venus was now our mysterious

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early in the 20th century or making huge

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advances in science and all kinds of

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different fields with advances we start

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getting observations of Venus using

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spectroscopy and using ultraviolet

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wavelengths the astronomers of the time

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will make it fairly reasonable

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assumptions that the atmosphere on Venus

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is very similar to the moment earth and

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that the clouds that they were observing

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war made up of water vapour and

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subsequently they concluded that the

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Phoenician atmosphere was really wet and

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stormy and the service was swarming and

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a lot of astronomers at the time even

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concluded that that was really good

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conditions for life there's never been

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anything like this before in fact or

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picture

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NASA's Mariner spacecraft after

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traveling for months and 217 million

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miles began fulfilling its mission as it

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rendezvous with the planet Venus by 1967

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we actually had two successful missions

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make it to Venus the first one was the

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Soviet Venera four and nearly a month

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late it was followed up by the NASA's

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Mariner 5 the interesting thing about

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that that we were in the middle of the

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Cold War and despite that the Soviet and

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American scientists were working

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together cooperated shared the data and

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the picture that the scientists god of

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dienes was much more inhospitable than

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they really imagined by 1967 if there

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were any doubts about whether Venus was

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livable or not those doubts were washed

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now in an unexplored region of space

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Mariner was placed on its mercury

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intercept course by the gravity of Venus

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the initial target on this first dual

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planet mission Mariner 10 took more than

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3,500 pictures during its rendezvous

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for the first time after a decade of

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exploration Mariner 10 was carrying

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cameras we had ultraviolet cameras we

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could actually make some of the most

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beautiful images I mean here we have

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Venus the goddess of love and beauty and

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we had yet to really make a close-up

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pioneer Venus was the last NASA mission

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to go to Venus to study specifically its

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atmosphere in detail in the dynamics of

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that atmosphere that was 30 years ago

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that we send it there it took a lot of

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detailed data that allowed us to test

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the theories that we had about why Venus

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was such a strange environment and one

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of the most interesting of course is

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this idea of the runaway greenhouse

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effect as an explanation for why is

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Venus so super hot so while the Pioneer

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Venus orbiter was sending a steady

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stream of data back to earth the Soviet

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program undertook several more eight

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missions back to Venice and the

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highlight of this set of missions was

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Venera 13 and 14 which made it to the

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surface of Venice and while they will

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act today for 45 minutes they took a

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handful of color panoramas for the

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Venetian surface now that they have been

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reprocessed they present a stunning view

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of the Venus surface

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and forgetting the heat toxic atmosphere

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and the pressure

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Venis the brightest star in the evening

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sky has captured our imaginations for

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centuries since August of 1990 though a

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spacecraft named Magellan has peered

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beneath this veil of mystery to show us

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the surface of Venus in unsurpassed

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detail Magellan was a pretty simple and

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elegant mission and had one basic

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purpose and that was to get a detailed

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high-resolution map of the surface

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topography of the entire planet and what

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we saw was was an enormous surprise a

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very young surface lots of volcanic

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features there were lava planes and

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volcanoes and all kinds of features it

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was an unexpected and marvelous

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revelation of what was underneath those

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at this point the american-soviet space

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missions are really museum pieces and

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while everybody is now excited about the

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new data and the new pictures images

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that we are getting from Mars Venice is

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really staying in the shadow right now

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but throughout the history Venus has

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provided us a lot of wonderful and

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interesting theories and answers to the

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questions that we have here on earth and

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which shone the light on now space in

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the universe but new players are coming

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into the game and with the European

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Space Agency sending a spacecraft there

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in 2006 and the Japanese space agency

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planning one in 2010 the Venice

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exploration is going to pick up and it

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really seems that a very good

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opportunity to go back because there are

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lots of things that we still don't know

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and with nearly two decades passed from